*indicates new selection or expansion of old selection in 2e** indicates entirely new author and new selection(s) to 2eLITERATURE TO 1750INTRODUCTION America before Columbus Map: Native American Peoples, 1492 Christianity, Islam, and the Lure of Asia Conquest and Colonization in the New World Map: Early European Explorations The Protestant Reformation and the Puritan "Errand into the Wilderness" Literature and Cultural Diversity in Colonial America Comparative Timeline NATIVE AMERICAN ORIGIN AND CREATION STORIESINTRODUCTION
Iroquois Confederacy "Origin of Folk Stories" (Seneca) Cherokee, "How the World Was Made" Lakota, "Wohpe and the Gift of the Sacred Pipe" Akimel O’odham (Pima), "The Story of the Creation" Hupa, "The Boy Who Grew up at Ta’k’imiding Native American Origin and Creation Stories through a Modern LensN. Scott Momaday (b. 1934) "The Becoming of the Native: Man in America before Columbus," 1993EXPLORATIONS AND EARLY ENCOUNTERSINTRODUCTION
Christopher Columbus (1451-1506) Letter of Columbus, Describing the Results of His First Voyage" Alvar NúnÞez Cabeza de Vaca (c. 1490-c. 1557) From The Narrative of Cabeza de Vaca Proem and chapters 16, 19-21 Samuel de Champlain (c. 1570-1635) From The Voyages to the Great River St. Lawrence COLONIAL SETTLEMENTSINTRODUCTION
Captain John Smith (1580-1631) From The Generall Historie of Virginia, New-England, and the Summer Isles From The Third Book, Ch. 2, "What happened till the first supply"William Bradford (1590-1657) From Of Plimoth Plantation From Booke I From Chapter 1 Chapter 9 Of their vioage . . . and of their safe arrivall at Cape Cod. Chapter 10 Showing how they sought out a place of habitation . . . From Booke II The remainder of Anno: 1620 [The Mayflower Compact; The Starving Time; Indian Relations] From Anno: 1621 [The First Thanksgiving] From Anno Domini: 1632 [Prosperity Brings Dispersal of the Population] John Winthrop (1588-1649) A Modell of Christian Charity Anne Bradstreet (1612-1672) "The Prologue [To Her Book]" "An Epitaph on My Dear and Ever-Honored Mother Mrs. Dorothy Dudley" "To Her Father with Some Verses" "The Author to Her Book" "Before the Birth of One of Her Children" "To My Dear and Loving Husband" "A Letter to Her Husband, Absent upon Public Employment" "Some Verses on the Burning of Our House" *"To My Dear Children"Bradstreet through a Modern Lens Rose Shade, "Puritan Woman," 1971Mary Rowlandson (1636-1711) From The Sovereignty and Goodness of God *AMERICAN CONTEXTS The Salem Witchcraft Trials**Deodat Lawson A Brief and True NarrativeCotton Mather (1663-1728) *From the Wonders of the Visible World **Thomas Brattle (1658-1713 ) From "Letter of Thomas Brattle, 1692" Samuel Sewell (1652-1730) *From The Diary of Samuel SewellEdward Taylor (c.1642-1729) From Prepatory Meditations: "The Prologue" "Meditation 8" From Miscellaneous Poems: "Upon Wedlock and Death of Children" "Upon a Spider Catching a Fly" "Huswifery" William Byrd (1674-1744) From The Secret Diary of William Byrd of Westover
Jonathan Edwards (1703-1758) Personal Narrative Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God AMERICAN LITERATURE, 1750-1830INTRODUCTION Print Culture and the Road to Revolution Map: The Thirteen Colonies in 1775 Society and Culture in the New Nation Map: The Missouri Compromise The Emergence of an American Literature Comparative Timeline WRITING COLONIAL LIVESINTRODUCTION
Benjamin Franklin (1706-1790) The Autobiography from Part I from Part II Elizabeth Ashbridge (1713-1755) from Some Account of the Fore Part of the Life of Elizabeth Ashbridge John Woolman (1720-1755) The Journal of John Woolman Chapter 1 [Early Life and Vocation] From Chapter 3 [Business Became My Burden]
Samson Occom (1723-1792) A Short Narrative of My Life Occom through a Modern LensJim Ottery "The Diary of Samson Occum," 2001 Olaudah Equiano (1745?-1797) The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano, or Gustavus Vassa, the African, Written by Himself Chapter 2 [Kidnapping, Enslavement, and the Middle Passage] ----------AMERICAN CONTEXTS"To Begin the World Over Again": The Emerging Idea of "America" Hector St. John De Crevecoeur (1735-1813) Letters from an American Farmer From Letter III, "What is an American?" Thomas Paine (1737-1809) From Common Sense, 1776 John Adams (1735-1826) and Abigail Adams (1744-1818) Letter from Abigail Adams to John Adams, March 31, 1776 Letter from John Adams to Abigail Adams, April 14, 1776 Letters from John Adams to Abigail Adams, July 3, 1776 Thomas Jefferson (1743-1826) Draft of the Declaration of Independence, 1776 Notes on the State of Virginia "Query XVII. Religion" From "Query XVIII. Manners" [On Slavery] George Washington (1732-1799), Letter to the Touro Synagogue, Newport, Rhode Island, 1790 Judith Sargent Murray (1751-1820) *"On the Equality of the Sexes," Part 1, 1790Absalom Jones (1746-1818) "Petition of the People of Colour, free men . . . of Philadelphia," 1799 Tecumseh (1768-1813) Speech of Tecumseh to Governor Harrison, 1810 ----------LITERATURE FOR A NEW NATION INTRODUCTION
Philip Freneau (1752-1832) "On the Emigration to America" "The Wild Honey Suckle" "The Indian Burying Ground" Phillis Wheatley (c.1753-1784) "On Being Brought from Africa to America" "To the University of Cambridge, in New England" "To the Right Honorable William, Earl of Dartmouth" "To S.M., a Young African Painter, on Seeing His Works" "To His Excellency General Washington" Letter to Samson Occum, 11 February 1774 Washington Irving (1783-1859) The Sketch Book "The Authors Account of Himself" "Rip Van Winkle" Catharine Maria Sedgwick (1789-1867) "Cacoethes Scribendi" William Cullen Bryant (1794-1878) "Thanatopsis" "The Yellow Violet" "To a Waterfowl" "To Cole, the Painter, Departing for Europe" Jane Johnston Schoolcraft (1800-1841) "Mishosa, or the Magician and His Daughters"AMERICAN LITERATURE, 1830-1865INTRODUCTION Technology, Transportation, and the Growth of the Literary Marketplace Religion, Immigration, and Territorial Expansion Sectionalism and the Coming of the Civil War Map: The Compromise of 1850 and the Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854 Comparative Timeline THE ERA OF REFORMINTRODUCTION----------AMERICAN CONTEXTS"I Will Be Heard": The Rhetoric of Antebellum Reform*Memorial of the Cherokee Council, November 5, 1829David Walker (1785-1830) From the "Preamble" to his Appeal, 1829 William Lloyd Garrison (1805-1879) "To the Public," 1831 Orestes Brownson (1803-1876) From The Laboring Classes, 1840 The Seneca Falls Declaration of Sentiments, 1848 Sojourner Truth (1795-1883) Speech to a Women’s Rights Convention, 1851----------William Apess (1798-1839) "An Indian’s Looking Glass for the White Man" Ralph Waldo Emerson (1803-1882) "The American Scholar" "Self-Reliance" Emerson’s Poetry "The Rhodora" "The Snow Storm" "Hamatreya" "Days"Margaret Fuller (1810-1850) *From Woman in the Nineteenth Century Harriet Beecher Stowe (1811-1896) "The Seamstress" "The Freeman's Dream: A Parable" "Preface" to Uncle Tom’s Cabin
Harriet Jacobs (1813-1897) "Letter from a Fugitive Slave," New-York Tribune, 1853 Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl "Preface by the Author" "I. Childhood" "VII. The Lover" "X. A Perilous Passage in the Slave Girl’s Life" "VIV. Another Link to Life" "XVII. The Flight" "XXI. The Loophole of Retreat" "XLI. Free at Last"Henry Thoreau (1817-1862) "Resistance to Civil Government" Walden From "Economy" "Where I Lived, and What I Lived For" "The Bean Field" "The Village" "Conclusion" Frederick Douglass (1818-1895) Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass Douglass through a Modern Lens Robert Hayden (1913-1980) "Frederick Douglass," 1962 AMERICAN FACTS AND AMERICAN FICTIONINTRODUCTION
Nathaniel Hawthorne (1804-1864) "My Kinsman, Major Molineux" "Young Goodman Brown" *"Rappaccini’s Daughter" Edgar Allan Poe (1809-1849) "The Fall of the House of Usher" "The Tell-Tale Heart" "The Purloined Letter" Poe’s Poetry "Sonnet--to Science" "To Helen" "The Raven" "Annabel Lee"Fanny Fern (Sara Willis Parton) (1811-1872) *"Hints to Young Wives" "The Tear of a Wife "Don’t Disturb Him" *"Male Criticism on Ladies’ Books" *"A Law More Nice than Just" "The Coming Woman" *"Independence" Herman Melville (1819-1891) "Bartleby, the Scrivener" Rebecca Harding Davis (1831-1910) Life in the Iron Mills NEW POETIC VOICESINTRODUCTION----------AMERICAN CONTEXTSThe Native Muse: Poetry at Mid-century Lydia Sigourney (1791-1865) "Indian Names" and "To a Shred of Linen" Elizabeth Oakes Smith (1806-1893) "The Unattained" and "The Drowned Mariner" Henry Wadsworth Longfellow (1807-1882) "The Jewish Cemetery at Newport" and "My Lost Youth" John Greenleaf Whittier (1807-1892) "The Hunters of Men" and "The Farewell" Frances E.W. Harper (1825-1911) "The Slave Mother" and "Ethiopia" Rose Terry Cooke (1827-1892) "Here," "Captive," and "‘The Harvest Is Past’" ----------Walt Whitman (1819-1892) Leaves of Grass [1891-92 Edition] From Inscriptions "One’s Self I Sing" "Song of Myself" From Children of Adam "Once I Pass’d through a Populous City" "Facing West from California’s Shores" "As Adam Early in the Morning" From Calamus "In Paths Untrodden" "Of the Terrible Doubt of Appearances" "Trickle Drops" "City of Orgies" "I Saw in Louisiana a Live Oak Growing" "Here the Frailest Leaves of Me" From Sea-Drift "Out of the Cradle Endlessly Rocking" From Drum Taps "Beat! Beat! Drums!" "Cavalry Crossing a Ford" "Vigil Strange I Kept on a Field One Night" "A Sight in Camp in the Daybreak Gray and Dim" "The Wound Dresser" "Reconciliation" From Memories of President Lincoln "When Lilacs Last in the Dooryard Bloom’d" From Whispers of Heavenly Death "A Noiseless Patient Spider" From Songs of Parting * "As the Time Draws Nigh" Whitman through a Modern LensLangston Hughes (1902-1967) "Old Walt," 1954 Allen Ginsburg (1926-1997) "A Supermarket in California," 1956 Emily Dickinson (1830-1886) J130 [Fr122], Manuscript Version and Version from Poems (1890) J130 [Fr122], "These are the days when Birds come back—" ---------- J49 [Fr39], "I never lost as much but twice" J67 [Fr112], "Success is counted sweetest" J185 [Fr202], "‘Faith’ is a fine invention" J199 [Fr225], "I’m ‘wife’—I’ve finished that—" J214 [Fr207], "I taste a liquor never brewed" J216 [Fr124], "Safe in their Alabaster Chambers" (1859 version) J216 [Fr124], "Safe in their Alabaster Chambers" (1861 version) J241 [Fr339], "I like a look of Agony" J249 [Fr269], "Wild Nights—Wild Nights!" J252 [Fr312], "I can wade Grief—" J258 [Fr320], "There’s a certain Slant of light" J280 [Fr340], "I felt a funeral, in my Brain" J288 [Fr260], "I’m Nobody! Who are you? J303 [Fr409], "The Soul Selects her own Society—" J324 [Fr236], "Some keep the Sabbath going to Church—" J341 [Fr372], "After great pain, a formal feeling comes—" J357 [Fr615], "God is a distant—stately Lover—" J401 [Fr675], "What Soft—Cherubic Creatures— J409 [Fr545], "They dropped like flakes—" J435 [Fr620], "Much Madness is divinest Sense—" J441 [Fr519], "This is my letter to the World" J444 [Fr524], "It feels a shame to be Alive" J448 [Fr446], "This was a Poet—It is That" J465 [Fr591], "I heard a fly buzz—when I died—" J501 [Fr373], "This World is not Conclusion" J508 [Fr353], "I’m ceded—I’ve stopped being Theirs—" J512 [Fr360], "The Soul has Bandaged moments—" J605 [Fr513], "The Spider holds a Silver Ball" J632 [Fr598], "The Brain--is wider than the Sky" J650 [Fr760], "Pain—has an Element of Blank" J657 [Fr466], "I dwell in Possibility—" J709 [Fr788], "Publication—is the Auction" J712 [Fr479], "Because I could not stop for Death—" J754 [Fr764], "My Life had stood—a Loaded Gun—a" J883 [Fr930], "The Poets light but Lamps— J986 [Fr1096], "A Narrow fellow in the Grass" J1052 [Fr800], "I never saw a Moor" J1072 [Fr194], "Title divine—is mine!" J1078 [Fr1108], "The Bustle in a House" J1082 [Fr1044], "Revolution is the Pod" J1129 [Fr1263], "Tell all the Truth but tell it Slant—" J1463 [Fr1489], "A Route of Evanescence" J1651 [Fr1715], "A Word made Flesh is seldom" J1732 [Fr1773], "My life closed twice before its close—" J1737 [Fr267], "Rearrange a ‘Wife’s’ affection!" J1760 [Fr1590], "Elysium is as far" Letters: Exchange with Susan Gilbert (Dickinson), 1861 To Thomas Wentworth Higginson, 7 June 1862 Dickinson through a Modern Lens Adrienne Rich (b. 1929) "‘I Am in Danger—Sir—‘," 1966Cathy Song (b. 1955) "A Poet in the House," 2001 ----------AMERICAN CONTEXTS"Mine Eyes Have Seen the Glory": The Meanings of the Civil War John Brown (1800-1859) Speech to the Court, 1859 Jefferson Davis (1808-1889) Inaugural Address, 1861 Civil War Songs: "Dixie’s Land," 1859; "John Brown’s Body," 1861; and "Battle-Hymn of the Republic," 1862 Abraham Lincoln (1809-1865) The Gettysburg Address, 1863; and Second Inaugural Address, 1865 Henry Highland Garnet (1815-1882) From "A Memorial Discourse Delivered . . . February 12, 1865" Mary Chesnut (1823-1886) From A Diary from DixieWalt Whitman (1819-1892 From Memoranda During the War ----------AMERICAN LITERATURE, 1865–1914INTRODUCTION The Aftermath of the Civil War Comparative Timeline Expansion, Industrialization, and the Emergence of Modern America Map: Immigrants to the United States, 1900 Innovation, Technology, and the Literary Marketplace REALISM, REGIONALISM, AND NATURALISMINTRODUCTION----------AMERICAN CONTEXTS "The America of the Mind": Critics, Writers, and the Representation of RealityIntroductionJulian Hawthorne (1846–1934) from The American Element in FictionHenry James (1843–1916) from The Art of FictionAnonymous (A "Lady from Philadelphia") from The Coming American NovelistWilliam Dean Howells (1837–1920) from Criticism and FictionHamlin Garland (1860–1940) from Literary Emancipation of the WestFrank Norris (1870–1902) A Plea for Romantic Fiction----------Mark Twain (Samuel L. Clemens) (1835–1910) Jim Smiley and His Jumping Frog A True Story, Repeated Word for Word as I Heard It The Private History of a Campaign that Failed The War Prayer **Writers on Writers: Arthur Miller on Mark Twain Arthur Miller (1915-2005) From "Introduction," The Oxford Mark TwainWilliam Dean Howells (1837–1920) Editha
Ambrose Bierce (1842–1914?) Chickamauga
Henry James (1843–1916) The Real Thing *The Jolly CornerSarah Orne Jewett (1849–1909) A White Heron
Kate Chopin (1850–1904) At the ’Cadian BallCharles W. Chesnutt (1858–1932) The Passing of GrandisonPauline E. Hopkins (1859–1930) "As the Lord Lives, He Is One of Our Mother’s Children"
Charlotte Perkins Gilman (1860–1935) The Yellow Wall-Paper
Edith Wharton (1862–1937) *The Quicksand
Sui Sin Far (Edith Maud Eaton) (1865–1914) * Its Wavering Image
Edwin Arlington Robinson (1869–1935) Luke Havergal Richard Cory Miniver Cheevy The MillStephen Crane (1871–1900) The Open Boat
The Black Riders and Other Lines I [Black riders came from the sea.] XIV [There was a crimson clash of war.] XIX [A god in wrath] XXIV [I saw a man pursuing the horizon]
War Is Kind I [Do not weep, maiden, for war is kind.]
Theodore Dreiser (1871–1945) Butcher Rogaum’s Door
Paul Laurence Dunbar (1872–1906) An Ante-bellum Sermon We Wear the Mask Sympathy
Willa Cather (1873–1947) A Wagner Matinée
WRITING "AMERICAN" LIVESINTRODUCTIONJosé Martí (1853–1895) Impressions of America, I and III
Zitkala-Ša (Gertrude Simmons Bonnin) (1876–1938) The School Days of an Indian Girl
Booker T. Washington (1856–1915) Up from Slavery Chapter 14: The Atlanta Exposition Address
W. E. B. Du Bois (1868 –1963) The Souls of Black Folk I. Of Our Spiritual Strivings III. Of Mr. Booker T. Washington and Others
Henry Adams (1838–1918) The Education of Henry Adams Preface Chapter XXV. The Dynamo and the Virgin
Mary Antin (1881–1949) The Promised Land from Chapter 9: The Promised LandAMERICAN LITERATURE, 1914–1945
INTRODUCTION Art and Society in the Era of the Great War Comparative Timeline American Culture in the 1920s Map: The Great Migration, 1914–1930 From the Great Depression to World War II MODERNISMS IN AMERICAN POETRYINTRODUCTION----------AMERICAN CONTEXTS"MAKE IT NEW": POETS ON POETRYIntroductionHarriet Monroe (1860–1936) The Motive of the MagazineEzra Pound (1885–1972) from A Few Don’ts by an ImagisteAmy Lowell (1874–1925) The New Manner in Modern PoetryT. S. Eliot (1888–1965) from Tradition and the Individual TalentJames Weldon Johnson (1871–1938) from The Preface to The Book of American Negro PoetryLangston Hughes (1902–1967) The Negro Artist and the Racial MountainHart Crane (1899–1932) from Modern PoetryRobert Frost (1874–1963) The Figure a Poem Makes----------James Weldon Johnson (1871–1938) The CreationAmy Lowell (1874–1925) The Taxi Aubade Venus Transiens Madonna of the Evening Flowers A DecadeRobert Frost (1874–1963) Mending Wall After Apple-Picking The Road Not Taken Birches Fire and Ice Nothing Gold Can Stay Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening *Acquainted with the Night Desert Places The Gift Outright
Carl Sandburg (1878–1967) Chicago A Fence Fog Grass
Wallace Stevens (1879–1955) Sunday Morning Thirteen Ways of Looking at a Blackbird The Death of a Soldier Anecdote of the Jar The Snow Man *Tea at the Palaz of Hoon The Emperor of Ice-Cream Of Modern Poetry Mina Loy (1882–1966) Love Songs
William Carlos Williams (1883–1963) The Young Housewife Danse Russe Portrait of a Lady Willow Poem Queen-Anne’s-Lace The Widow’s Lament in Springtime The Great Figure To Elsie The Red Wheelbarrow This Is Just to Say A Sort of a Song
Ezra Pound (1885–1972) Portrait d’une Femme A Pact The Rest In a Station of the Metro [First Version] In a Station of the Metro [Final Version]
Cathay The River Merchant’s Wife: A Letter The Jewel Stairs’ Grievance Lament of the Frontier Guard
H.D. (Hilda Doolittle) (1886–1961) Oread *The Pool Garden *Sea Rose Leda Helen
Marianne Moore (1887–1972) Poetry [First Version] Poetry [Final Version] *To Military Progress The Fish To a Snail *An Egyptian Pulled Glass Bottle in the Shape of a Fish
**Writers on Writers: Elizabeth Bishop on Marianne Moore Elizabeth Bishop (1911-1979) "Miss Moore and Edgar Allan Poe"
Jun Fujita (1888–1963) Diminuendo Michigan Boulevard Chicago River
T. S. Eliot (1888–1965) The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock The Waste Land The Journey of the Magi Burnt Norton
Claude McKay (1889–1948) The Harlem Dancer If We Must Die The Lynching America Africa
Edna St. Vincent Millay (1892–1950) First Fig Second Fig [I, being born a woman and distressed] [Oh, oh, you will be sorry for that word!] Justice Denied in Massachusetts E. E. Cummings (1894–1962) [in Just-] [Buffalo Bill ’s] [the Cambridge ladies who live in furnished souls] ["next to of course god america i] [sing of Olaf glad and big] [anyone lived in a pretty how town]
Hart Crane (1899–1932) Voyages I–IV To Brooklyn Bridge
Sterling A. Brown (1901–1989) *Southern Road Strong MenLangston Hughes (1902–1967) The Negro Speaks of Rivers Mother to Son Jazzonia I, Too The Weary Blues Cross Brass Spittoons Christ in Alabama Harlem
Countee Cullen (1903–1946) Yet Do I Marvel HeritageTHE EMERGENCE OF MODERN AMERICAN DRAMAINTRODUCTIONSusan Glaspell (1876–1948) Trifles
Eugene O’Neill (1888–1953) The Emperor JonesAT HOME AND ABROAD: AMERICAN FICTION BETWEEN THE WARSINTRODUCTION
Gertrude Stein (1874–1946) Ada Picasso
Sherwood Anderson (1876–1941) Winesburg, Ohio Hands Paper Pills
Katherine Anne Porter (1890–1980) Flowering Judas
Zora Neale Hurston (1891–1960) The Gilded Six-Bits
**Writers on Writers: Alice Walker on Zora Neale Hurston Alice Walker (b. 1944) From "A Cautionary Tale and a Partisan View"
María Cristina Mena (1893–1965) The Vine Leaf
Jean Toomer (1894–1967) Cane Portrait in Georgia Blood Burning Moon
F. Scott Fitzgerald (1896–1940) The Ice Palace
William Faulkner (1897–1962) That Evening Sun Barn Burning** Writers on Writers: Toni Morrison on William Faulkner Toni Morrison (b. 1931) From Faulkner and Women
Ernest Hemingway (1899–1961) Big Two-Hearted River
John Steinbeck (1902–1968) Flight
Richard Wright (1908–1960) Almos’ a Man
Eudora Welty (1909–2001) *Lily Daw and the Three Ladies
Carlos Bulosan (1911–1956) The End of the WarAMERICAN LITERATURE SINCE 1945INTRODUCTION Culture and Society in the Age of Affluence Comparative Timeline Conflicts at Home and Abroad Into the Twenty-First Century FROM MODERNISM TO POSTMODERNISMINTRODUCTION
Theodore Roethke (1908–1963) My Papa’s Waltz Cuttings Cuttings (later) Root Cellar The Waking**Writers on Writers: Sherman Alexie on Theodore Roethke Sherman Alexie (b. 1966) from Interview
Elizabeth Bishop (1911–1979) Sestina The Armadillo In the Waiting Room One ArtTennessee Williams (1911–1983) Portrait of a Madonna
Robert Hayden (1913–1980) Middle Passage Tillie Olsen (1912?–2007) I Stand Here IroningJohn Berryman (1914–1972) From The Dream Songs 1 [Huffy Henry hid the day,] 4 [Filling her compact & delicious body] 14 [Life, friends, is boring. We must not say so.] 26 [The glories of the world struck me, made me aria, once.]
Ralph Ellison (1913–1994) The Invisible Man
Saul Bellow (1915–2005) Looking for Mr. Green
Robert Lowell (1917–1977) Memories of West Street and Lepke Skunk Hour For the Union DeadGwendolyn Brooks (1917–2000) A Street in Bronzeville kitchenette building the mother a song in the front yard The Bean Eaters We Real Cool Malcolm X
Hisaye Yamamoto (b. 1921) Seventeen Syllables
James Baldwin (1924–1987) Notes of a Native Son
Flannery O’Connor (1925–1964) A Good Man Is Hard to Find
Allen Ginsberg (1926–1997) Howl
John Ashbery (b. 1927) The One Thing That Can Save America My Erotic Double Paradoxes and Oxymorons
Adrienne Rich (b. 1929) Trying to Talk with a Man A Valediction Forbidding Mourning Diving into the Wreck
Ursula K. Le Guin (b. 1929) She Unnames Them Gary Snyder (b. 1930) Riprap Wave Axe Handles
Donald Barthelme (1931–1989) The SchoolToni Morrison (b. 1931) Recitatif
Sylvia Plath (1932–1963) Morning Song Mirror Daddy Lady Lazarus
John Updike (b. 1932) A & P
Amiri Baraka (LeRoi Jones) (b. 1934) Dutchman
Audre Lorde (1934–1992) Coal The Woman Thing Black Mother Woman
Don DeLillo (b. 1936) VideotapeMichael S. Harper (b. 1938) American History Dear John, Dear Coltrane Martin’s Blues
Raymond Carver (1938–1988) Are These Actual Miles?
Gloria Anzaldúa (1942–2004) El sonavabitche **Writers on Writers: Sandra Cisneros on Gloria Anzaldua Sandra Cisneros (b. 1954) A Note to Gloria from the Bottom of the Sea
Alice Walker (b. 1944) Everyday Use
**August Wilson (1945-2005) The Janitor
Tim O’Brien (b. 1946) The Things They Carried**Yusef Komunyakaa (b. 1947) The Dead at Quang Tri Tu Do Street Prisoners Facing It
Leslie Marmon Silko (b. 1948) Yellow WomanJoy Harjo (b. 1951) New Orleans If You Look with the Mind of the Swirling Earth The Land Is a Poem
Rita Dove (b. 1952) The House Slave Kentucky, 1833 Canary History
Sandra Cisneros (b. 1954) Mericans
Martín Espada (b. 1957) Alabanza: In Praise of Local 100
Sherman Alexie (b. 1966) What You Pawn I Will Redeem